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August 26 is National Dog Day. [7] While March 26 is National Puppy Day. [8] Appearance and behaviour [ change | change source ] When Does My Puppy Finish Growing? How Long Do Puppies Grow?". American Kennel Club . Retrieved 3 May 2021. Individual Pacific islands whose maritime settlers did not bring dogs, or where dogs died out after original settlement, notably the Mariana Islands, [95] Palau [96] and most of the Caroline Islands with exceptions such as Fais Island and Nukuoro, [97] the Marshall Islands, [98] the Gilbert Islands, [98] New Caledonia, [99] Vanuatu, [99] [100] Tonga, [100] Marquesas, [100] Mangaia in the Cook Islands, Rapa Iti in French Polynesia, Easter Island, [100] the Chatham Islands [101] and Pitcairn Island (settled by the Bounty mutineers, who killed off their dogs to escape discovery by passing ships). [102] a b Proschowsky, H.F.; H. Rugbjerg & A.K. Ersbell (2003). "Mortality of purebred and mixed-breed dogs in Denmark". Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 58 (#1–2): 63–74. doi: 10.1016/S0167-5877(03)00010-2. PMID 12628771. Intoh, Michiko; Shigehara, Nobuo (2004). "Prehistoric pig and dog remains from Fais Island, Micronesia". Anthropological Science. 112 (3): 257–267. doi: 10.1537/ase.040511.

Charlesworth D, Willis JH (2009). "The genetics of inbreeding depression". Nat. Rev. Genet. 10 (#11): 783–796. doi: 10.1038/nrg2664. PMID 19834483. S2CID 771357. a b " "Hounds of the Lord": The Little-Known Meaning of the Dominican Dog". ChurchPOP. 7 August 2017 . Retrieved 9 December 2017. Serpell, James (1995). "Origins of the dog: domestication and early history". The Domestic Dog. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-41529-3. Irish setter, Irish red and white setter, Irish water spaniel, Irish wolfhound, Irish terrier, Kerry blue terrier, soft-coated wheaten terrier

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Tomasello, M.; Kaminski, J. (2009). "Like Infant, Like Dog". Science. 325 (#5945): 1213–1214. doi: 10.1126/science.1179670. PMID 19729645. S2CID 206522649. Kaminski, Juliane; Hynds, Jennifer; Morris, Paul; Waller, Bridget M. (2017). "Human attention affects facial expressions in domestic dogs". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 12914. Bibcode: 2017NatSR...712914K. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12781-x. PMC 5648750. PMID 29051517. Miklósi, Ádám (2018). The Dog: A Natural History. Princeton University Press. p.75. ISBN 978-0-691-17693-2.

In 1999, a study of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) indicated that the domestic dog may have originated from the grey wolf, with the dingo and New Guinea singing dog breeds having developed at a time when human communities were more isolated from each other. [17] In the third edition of Mammal Species of the World published in 2005, the mammalogist W. Christopher Wozencraft listed under the wolf Canis lupus its wild subspecies and proposed two additional subspecies, which formed the domestic dog clade: familiaris, as named by Linnaeus in 1758 and, dingo named by Meyer in 1793. Wozencraft included hallstromi (the New Guinea singing dog) as another name ( junior synonym) for the dingo. Wozencraft referred to the mtDNA study as one of the guides informing his decision. [3] Mammalogists have noted the inclusion of familiaris and dingo together under the "domestic dog" clade [18] with some debating it. [19] Piotti, Patrizia; Kaminski, Juliane (10 August 2016). "Do Dogs Provide Information Helpfully?". PLOS ONE. 11 (#8): e0159797. Bibcode: 2016PLoSO..1159797P. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159797. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4980001. PMID 27508932. Miklósi, Adám (2007). Dog Behaviour, Evolution, and Cognition. Oxford University Press. pp.95–136. doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199295852.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-929585-2.

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Smith, B.; Litchfield, C. (2010). "How well do dingoes ( Canis dingo) perform on the detour task". Animal Behaviour. 80: 155–162. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.04.017. S2CID 53153703. a b Perri, Angela R.; Feuerborn, Tatiana R.; Frantz, Laurent A. F.; Larson, Greger; Malhi, Ripan S.; Meltzer, David J.; Witt, Kelsey E. (2021). "Dog domestication and the dual dispersal of people and dogs into the Americas". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (#6): e2010083118. Bibcode: 2021PNAS..11810083P. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2010083118. PMC 8017920. PMID 33495362. S2CID 231712420. Cagan, Alex; Blass, Torsten (2016). "Identification of genomic variants putatively targeted by selection during dog domestication". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 16 (1): 10. doi: 10.1186/s12862-015-0579-7. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 4710014. PMID 26754411. Ocr tesseract 5.0.0-beta-20210815 Ocr_detected_lang en Ocr_detected_lang_conf 1.0000 Ocr_detected_script Latin Ocr_detected_script_conf 0.9608 Ocr_module_version 0.0.13 Ocr_parameters -l eng Old_pallet IA-WL-0000326 Openlibrary_edition Headey B. (1999). "Health benefits and health cost savings due to pets: preliminary estimates from an Australian national survey". Social Indicators Research. 47 (#2): 233–243. doi: 10.1023/A:1006892908532. S2CID 142618092.

affenpinscher, boxer, dachshund, Doberman pinscher, German shepherd dog, German shorthaired pointer, German wirehaired pointer, Great Dane, miniature pinscher, poodle, Rottweiler, schnauzer, Weimaraner King, Camille; Smith, Thomas J.; Grandin, Temple; Borchelt, Peter (2016). "Anxiety and impulsivity: Factors associated with premature graying in young dogs". Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 185: 78–85. doi: 10.1016/j.applanim.2016.09.013.

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According to statistics published by the American Pet Products Manufacturers Association in the National Pet Owner Survey in 2009–2010, an estimated 77.5million people in the United States have pet dogs. [120] The same source shows that nearly 40% of American households own at least one dog, of which 67% own just one dog, 25% two dogs and nearly 9% more than two dogs. There does not seem to be any sex preference among dogs as pets, as the statistical data reveal an equal number of male and female pet dogs. Although several programs promote pet adoption, less than one-fifth of the owned dogs come from shelters. [120] Savolainen, Peter; Ya-ping Zhang, Jing Luo, Joakim Lundeberg, Thomas Leitner 2002. Genetic evidence for an East Asian origin of domestic dogs. Science 298 pp1610–3. For thousands of years, humans bred dogs toward the physical and mental traits best suited for the work expected of them. The sleek Greyhound types bred to chase fleet-footed prey, and the huge mastiff types used as guard dogs and warriors, are two ancient examples of dogs bred for specific jobs.